Natural gas is lighter than air, and so tends to dissipate into the atmosphere. When confined (for instance inside the trunk) it can reach it's explosive limit, which is from 5% to 15% in air. It is not odourless because an odorant is added to the otherwise colourless and odourless gas. Late model CNG vehicles (built after ECE-R 110) have a lot of safety devices that deal with these properties. An electromagnetic valve mounted at each gastank will close the tank in case of an accident or when the engine or the ignition is turned to the off position. A release limiter will also reduce the amount of gas that can be released in case of a leak in the gas lines. For service of the vehicles or in case the electromagnetic valve fails, the gastank can also be shutoff manually.
CNG fuelled engine: Honda Civic
NGV wiring installation
Proton MPV contest
Sponsor & Eligibility The sponsor of this Proton MPV Naming Contest ("Contest") is Perusahaan Otomobil Nasional Sdn Bhd. ("PROTON").
This Contest is open to all Malaysian residents older than 18 years of age as of 08/09/2008. Each contestant represents and warrants to PROTON that he/she has the right, authority and power to enter into the Contest in accordance with Contest Terms and Conditions and shall provide such proof as PROTON requires.
Oxygen Sensor Description
Refueling natural-gas vehicle-fast fill and slow fill
The Phill Home Refueling Appliance
While vehicles such as the Civic GX and the E 200 NGT are only available in very limited markets (the former in certain western states, the latter in Europe), NGVs are expected to become more widely available to consumers in the next two decades, especially as the price of oil continues to rise. When that happens, being green will be a little bit easier.
Source: Howstuffworks
CNGDI Engine for Light Duty Vehicles
This engine has been designed based on the 1.6 litre CamPro engine owned by Proton Berhad. All operatiosn were simulated and optimised using high performance computers before fabrication and testing, and this includes the combustion process involving all the moving engine components. This method enables the performance of the engine to be nearly similar to the existing CamPro engine using petrol. A total of two CNGDI engines were assembled in September 2006 for testing and installation.
This project is part of the IRPA-PR programme entitled “CNGDI Engine and Transmission which aims to develop a car using a new combustion concept of CNGDI. The overall programme involves other research groups from UKM as well as other universities, namely UPM, UM, UTP, UTM and UiTM for other components in the car such as tanks, fuel system, electronic control unit, exhaust system and car chassis. It also involves active participation from industrial collaborators, namely Proton Berhad and Petronas in order to ensure the success of the project. As a result, two cars using the CNGDI engine prototypes have been successfully produced.
Nissan Adds Diesel Hybrid and CNG Models to Atlas H43 Lineup
Nissan Adds Diesel Hybrid and CNG Models to Atlas H43 Lineup Written by Technology Department - Source Nissan Sep 28, 2007 at 12:00 AM
CNG Model | ||||||||||
Drive system | Cabin | Model | Body | Max. payload | Bed | Engine | Transmission | Grade | Price (yen) | |
2WD | Standard Cabin | Full Super Low | Standard | 2.0 tons | Exclusive van chassis | 4HV1 4.6L CNG-MPI | 5MT | DX | 4,198,950 | |
5MT: 5-speed manual transmission Smoother Autoshift: A manual-transmission-based gearbox with fully automated clutching and shifting operations Standard Cabin: 5-speed transmission, Semi-wide cabin and Wide Cabin: 6-speed transmission |
Integrated Dual-Fuel™ technology – working with OEMs
Integrated Dual-Fuel™ technology – working with OEMs In addition to providing a Retro-Fit Dual-Fuel™ technology, Clean Air Power has been developing a manufacturer branded and supported integrated product. Tests have already demonstrated that a contemporary integrated system will deliver at least 70% overall gas substitution, giving fuel savings of 9p/km per vehicle per year, with CO2 savings of 26 tonnes yearly. Clean Air Power’s integrated C12 product is already certified to Euro 4 standards.
The Dual-Fuel™ Electronic Control Unit (ECU) can be integrated with Original Equipment Manufacturers’ (OEMs) ECU. This enables the Dual-Fuel™ ECU to control the engine ECU, ensuring optimum conditions for Dual-Fuel combustion. This integration has been successfully achieved on DAF and Mercedes engines and will form the core of any Dual-Fuel application to an engine with OEM cooperation.
Source : CLEAN AIR POWER
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Dual-Fuel™ Engine Technology Facts.
Dual-Fuel™ Engine Technology Facts:
- Engine runs on natural gas with diesel pilot ignition
- At full power diesel fuel is 10% of total fuel - normal operation is up to 85% natural gas substitution
- Runs on 100% diesel fuel until engine coolant is at operating temperature
- Under normal operation, can run solely on diesel at light loads*
- Under normal operation, can run solely on diesel at full power*
- Uses a standard electronically-controlled diesel engine
- Maintains electronic control of both gas and diesel injection
- Base diesel ECU is retained
- Dual-Fuel™ ECU controls gas operation and modifies diesel demand for the diesel engine ECU
- Automatically reverts to diesel only when gas supply is out of acceptable parameters
- Recent introduction of a combustion knock sensor protects the engine from variable gas quality
* | The operating system in the technology automatically switches the engine from diesel to natural gas when the truck reaches optimal load, making it particularly suited to long haul heavy trucks. Dual-Fuel™ can be turned off at any time, enabling the engine to operate totally on diesel. This switch from diesel, or to dual fuel is almost imperceptible, even while the vehicle is moving. |
Dual-FuelTM technologies: Diesel and CNG
Current Dual-Fuel™ Technology Dual-Fuel™ is fitted onto a standard diesel engine, which operates unchanged, except power is generated by mostly clean natural gas. A measured quantity of natural gas is mixed with the air just before it enters the cylinder and compressed to the same levels as the diesel engine to maintain efficiency.
The natural gas mixture does not ignite spontaneously under compression, so the Dual-Fuel™ engine uses a small injection of diesel fuel, around 10% of the total energy of the fuel, to ignite the main charge of gas and air. This small "pilot" injection acts like a multitude of microscopic spark-plugs, setting off clean and efficient combustion of the lean gas-air mixture. Natural gas burns cleaner than diesel due to its inherently low carbon content. | |
When Natural gas replaces 90% of the diesel through Dual-Fuel™ it can reduce CO2 emissions by up to 25%, yet fuel-efficiency and power remain equivalent to that of the original diesel engine. | |
Clean Air Power believes that no dedicated natural gas trucks can match a Dual-Fuel™ truck for efficiency and performance. |
CNG bus
Source: CLEAN AIR INITIATIVE website
Natural gas (85 to 99 percent methane) is a fossil fuel, clean burning, cheap and abundant in many parts of the world. Because natural gas is mostly methane, Natural Gas Vehicles (NGVs) have much lower non-methane hydrocarbon emissions than gasoline vehicles, but higher emissions of methane. Since the fuel system is closed, there are no evaporative emissions and refueling emissions are negligible. Cold-start emissions from NGVs are also low, since cold-start enrichment is not required; this reduces both VOC and CO emissions. NOx emissions from uncontrolled NGVs may be higher or lower than comparable gasoline or diesel vehicles, depending on the engine technology, but are typically slightly lower.
As a substitute for conventional diesel engines with high sulfur fuel, NGVs should have somewhat lower NOx and substantially lower PM emissions.
There are three types of natural gas vehicles, which can all be manufactured specifically to operate on natural gas or converted from conventional vehicles (1):
- 1.Bi-fuel, where the vehicle can operate either on natural gas or gasoline
- 2.Dual-fuel, where the vehicle operates either on diesel only or diesel and natural gas, with the combustion of diesel used to ignite the natural gas (1). For more information on this option, see the "In-Use Buses: Conversions" section.
- 3.Dedicated, which operate entirely on natural gas.
Most vehicle manufacturers offer the dedicated option only, because of higher reliability.
Most compressed natural gas (CNG) buses are equipped with a diesel engine modified to a spark-ignition engine that is optimized for the use of natural gas. Gas cylinders are installed that can be refueled at gas stations with compressed natural gas. Such engines can be of two basic types:
- Stoichiometric - this type enables the use of a three-way catalytic converter as in common gasoline cars.
- Lean burn (high air/fuel ratio) - this type is 10-20% more fuel efficient than stoichiometric engines (3), but also has higher NOx emissions. A three-way catalytic converter is unsuitable, but oxidation catalysts can be employed. The great majority of heavy-duty natural gas engines are of this design (3).
In general, CNG buses are between 17% and 41% less fuel efficient than conventional diesel buses(4)(5). They have a substantially lower driving range than diesel buses (4) - e.g. in (4) CNG buses are described as having a driving range of about 300 miles (of course depending upon the capacity of the gas cylinders) compared to a little more than 400 miles for diesel buses.
Baytech Announces 6.0-Liter CNG Engine and Vehicle Certifications
22 January 2007
Baytech Corporation has received 2006 and 2007 EPA and CARB certifications for its compressed natural gas (CNG) fueled GM 6.0L heavy duty engines, and medium- and light-duty vehicles equipped with the GM 6.0L engine.
Heavy-duty engines are available in both dedicated CNG and bi-fuel (CNG or gasoline) configurations in all 50 states. Dedicated CNG medium and light duty vehicles are available in all 50 states and are certified SULEV; bi-fuel is available only in states that do not require CARB standards.
As part of the certification process, Baytech successfully achieved OBD-II compliance approval from CARB for the medium and light duty 6.0L CNG vehicles. OBD-II approval work was jointly funded by the South Coast AQMD, with additional support provided by Clean Energy.
The Baytech heavy duty CNG 6.0L engines are certified for use in the GM Topkick/Kodiak C Series and W4500, Isuzu NPR HD, GM Express/Savana Van Cutaway, and Workhorse heavy-duty vehicles with Gross Vehicle Weight Ratings ranging from 14,000 lb to 37,600 lb. Heavy duty engine emissions testing was funded in part by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality.
Medium and light duty CNG vehicles certified by Baytech include the GM W3500, Isuzu NPR, Workhorse chassis, GM Silverado/Sierra 2500HD/3500 Classic pickup trucks and Chassis Cab, and GM Express/Savana Full-Size Van and Van Cutaway. All dedicated CNG medium and light duty vehicles are certified SULEV.
The CNG fueling systems incorporate Baytech’s sequential Multi-Port Fuel Injection technology for gaseous fuels. Baytech’s engine calibration software provides optimized closed-loop fuel control, spark advance and other engine parameters. Engine diagnostics functions are accessed through the vehicle’s diagnostic port with the same scanners used for gasoline diagnostics.
Since 1991, Baytech Corporation has developed and marketed high-performance EPA and CARB certified CNG fuel injection systems for GM, Isuzu and Workhorse vehicles that meet stringent emissions standards. In 2005, Baytech transferred its gaseous sequential MPFI technology to propane fuel.
CNG AND PROPANE ENGINE CERTIFICATIONS
BAYTECH ANNOUNCES 8.1L CNG AND PROPANE ENGINE CERTIFICATIONS
LOS ALTOS, CALIF. June 21, 2005 - Baytech Corporation has received 2005 and 2006 EPA and CARB certifications for Baytech's propane and compressed natural gas (CNG) fueled GM 8.1L heavy-duty engines. Popular vehicle applications include shuttle buses, bobtails, delivery trucks, flatbeds, utility bodies, RVs, and step-van models. They are available in both dedicated and bi-fuel (propane or CNG and gasoline) configurations.
The Baytech propane and CNG 8.1L engines are certified for use in the GM Topkick/Kodiak C Series and Workhorse heavy-duty vehicles with Gross Vehicle Weight Ratings ranging from 16,000 lb to 37,600 lb. The engines are also certified for the GM Silverado/Sierra 2500HD/3500 pickup trucks (Federal) and Chassis Cab (Federal and CA). The Baytech engine families have been certified to the lowest California emission standards possible for each weight class, including ULEV and SULEV.
Both the propane and CNG fueling systems incorporate Baytech's sequential Multi-Port Fuel Injection technology for gaseous fuels. Baytech's engine calibration software provides optimized closed-loop fuel control, spark advance and other engine parameters. Engine diagnostics functions are accessed through the vehicle's diagnostic port with the same scanners used for gasoline diagnostics. "We are confident that our customers will be very happy with the product we have developed," says Richard Turner, Baytech Vice President.
Since 1991, Baytech Corporation has developed and marketed high performance, EPA and CARB certified CNG fuel injection systems for Chevrolet, GMC and Isuzu vehicles to meet stringent emissions standards. Baytech transferred its gaseous sequential MPFI technology to propane fuel, funded in part by the Texas Commission on Environmental Quality. Baytech is an EPA and CARB certified small volume OEM manufacturer, providing the CNG and propane fleet markets with high performance, EPA and CARB certified engines and vehicles.
Air car ready for production
The Air Car. The use of compressed air for storing energy is a method that is not only efficient and clean, but also economical. In 1973 CAES (Compressed Air Energy Storage) installed their first compressed air energy storage plant in Germany, making use of natural underground caves for compressed air storage and taking advantage of the surplus energy produced by the generating plants. Later on similar plants were installed in the United States (Alabama and Ohio). Compressed air is an energy vector that can be used, in a viable way, to transport both people and goods. One possible alternative is the air-powered car. There are at least two ongoing projects that are developing a new type of car that will run on compressed air. In this article, you will learn about the technology behind two types of compressed-air cars being developed and how they may replace your gas guzzler by the end of the decade!
Natural Gas Incentives and Laws
The Civic GX NGV engine specifications
- Advanced Technology Partial-Zero-Emission Vehicle (AT-PZEV)*
- Fueled by Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) for nearly zero emissions
- Convenient Phill home refueling
- HOV access in many states
- 113-hp, 1.8-Liter, 16-Valve, SOHC i-VTEC® 4-cylinder engine
- Aerodynamic exterior
- Two-tier instrument panel
- MP3/Windows Media® Audio (WMA) playback capability
Compressed air power car concept worldwide.
Air-power car: Two Cylinder Air-Compression Engine
Two Cylinder Air-Compression Engine Photo courtesy Zero Pollution Motors The e.Volution will be able to travel about 124 miles (200 km) before being refueled with compressed air. Within the next two years, you could see the first air-powered vehicle motoring through your town. Most likely, it will be the e.Volution car that is being built by Zero Pollution Motors, in Brignoles, France. The cars have generated a lot of interest in recent years, and the Mexican government has already signed a deal to buy 40,000 e.Volutions to replace gasoline- and diesel-powered taxis in the heavily polluted Mexico City. Makers of the e.Volution are marketing the vehicle as a low pollution or zero pollution car. However, there is still some debate as to what the environmental impact of these air-powered cars will be. Manufacturers suggest that because the cars run on air they are environmentally friendly. Critics of the air-powered car idea say that the cars only move the air pollution from the car's exhaust to somewhere else, like an electrical power plant. These cars do require electricity in order for the air to be compressed inside the tanks, and fossil fuel power is needed to supply electricity.
World's First Air-Powered Car: Zero Emissions by Next Summer: What??
RE: World's First Air-Powered Car: Zero Emissions by Next Summer MDI Air Car is the only invention that will tremendously be an assets in resolving the World Global Warming and the Energy Crisis; This technology is just on the infancy stage and there will be more inovation that mankind can imporve the AIR CAR of the future. However the real problem in utilizing this technology are the Oil Companies of the World, that have so much influence on every Politicians/Government of the FreeWorld. Eventually in about three decades from now; Mankind must do a TRIAGE for it's survival, I hope it is not too late for this place called Earth and it's Human being and other Bio Life to have an alternative choice to sustain it's SURVIVAL. RE: World's First Air-Powered Car: Zero Emissions by Next Summer We'll see how the India roll-out goes. Ultimately if it lives upto MDI's promises then there will be such demand and potentially EU legislative pressure deals could be struck in the form of other manufacturers eg. the japanese getting the license to co-develop the engine/CF tanks further, bolstering it's feasibility/viability. I had heard that BMW have the technological capability to produce 10000psi CF tanks, but there may be practical limits over what the prospective infrastructure would be able to supply un that regard. Regarding safety; MDI insist their impact tests/gun shot/fire tests conclude the plastic over carbon fibre tanks are safe, and only split rather than explode. I can't see they would have proceeded with development if there was a serious flaw - it just wouldn't have been worth their time. Anyway, it's all subject to independent tests. We'll leave the US behind if we have to, they're handcuffed by oil lobbyists. The difference now is George W Bush doesn't need lobbying much, he's out to help out his pals. RE: World's First Air-Powered Car: Zero Emissions by Next Summer We need to make exceptions to our safety and pollution laws, for all sorts of high efficiency light vehicles. A special category, that is mandated by the federal government. We are in an economic war with OPEC. Let's get serious. We are also at war with our own auto industry. Which just wants us to buy expensive vehicles, and the oil companies which want us to stick to oil
World's First Air-Powered Car: Zero Emissions by Next Summer
This six-seater tax, which should be available in India next year, is powered entirely by a tank filled with compressed air.
CNG car : New released
Honda Offers Civic That Runs on Natural Gas
Honda has announced a new Civic for 2008 that runs on compressed natural gas, making it nearly free of harmful emissions. The California Air Resources Board calls the GX an Advanced Technology Partial-Zero- Emission Vehicle, while the American Council for Energy-Efficient Economy gave the 2007 GX a high score as one of the 2007 Greenest Vehicles. Honda claims the technology and learning from the GX will help make fuel-cell technology available sooner.
2007 Honda Civic GX - Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) Vehicle can be used with the Phill home refueling appliance from FuelMaker.Natural gas vehicles in Malaysia.
The number of natural vehicles in Malaysia is drastically increasing. This due to the RM0.50 rising price of gasoline to RM1.92. And there is a rumor of price hike for this year. This situation triggered a big headache to the public on how to resolve the problem. The low income people already pushed the panic button to find alternatives. Malaysia natural gas reserve is fourth fold of oil. This is a fact. And Malaysia should encourage public and exploit the natural vehicles actively. The reduction 25% of road-tax is a good start to promote natural gas. The price of CNG nowadays is only RM0.68/l compare to RM1.92/l of gasoline, which is 1/3 of gasoline price. But one of the main problem is the availability of fueling station nationwide. The number of fueling station in Malaysia is small and most of refueling stations are located in Klang valley. It is informed that the cost of building refueling station is high, thus it is not economically compare to the number of NGVs user. Therefore, it end up a long queu for CNG fueling. Most of NGVs in Malaysia are conversion vehicles; either gasoline-based or diesel based engine. There's no major modification to the engine have been done.The intake runner, the MOP, compression ratio, piston crown, the ECU, engine mapping are all remain as OEM deleivered. Iin order to convert the vehicle, they need to fork-up about RM3000 to RM4000 for CNG instrument for instance; regulator, piping, valve etc. Most of them do not re-map the ECU which is the main requirement for engine optimization. Therefore, they end up with several issues; under power, bulky storage, cranking problem in the morning and ECU hair wired. This has risen attention to local expertise to assist the situation. And few CNG research programs has been initiated by few local higher learning institutions. The CNG characteristic and it combustion are well studied. Thus, to overcome the situation; a few suggestion has been made to improve and promote NGVs in Malaysia. (a) The introduction of bi-fuel engine from OEM. No conversion kit. This accelerate the need of more fueling station. (b) More government incentive to NGVs user as such road tax, insurance and so on. (c)Public awareness of air pollution.
1. We need to be careful (as green-oriented folk) to distinguish between products that reduce emissions vs products that simply transfer emissions somewhere else. It is not true that a vehicle like this has no emissions. The emissions have occurred in the power plant that generated the electricity for the compressor.
If the power plant is fossil-fuel based then it only reduces emissions if the overall energy per mile is lowered. Unfortunately I suspect that the fact that the tax system skews petrol prices upwards vs centrally generated electricity will make the low running costs of this be assumed to translate to low emissions.
What is true is that if this technology is twinned with renewable (eg wind/solar) then it does have great potential. Again unfortunately there is the potential for nuclear proponents to suggest that this is a good way forward, based on it being away to convert nuclear energy into vehicle motion with no emissions. But how green do we view nuclear energy?
2. I have wanted a Mini cat ever since I saw one. But I want to own a Pink one. Is that possible and if you have one in stock please send me pictures. I believe that the Minicat is the new and improved car. It looks cool and saves the earth. But it dosent have a back seat. just kidding if you kno what I mean. Thanks! Katie
3.You hippies won't be happy until we all live in grass huts and ride bikes everywhere. Someone comes out with a new product that is revolutionary to say the least and you tear it down and discredit it as if it was a fraud. Whats really funny is, I don't know a single SierraClub member or "Environ-mentalist" who actually goes out and works in the forests or high country. They very people you bash (4x4 drives, dirtbike riders, etc) are the ones who fight to keep trails open and work hand in hand with BLM and the Forestry Department. If you ask me, the hippies are the real fraud.
4.Isothermal compression/expansion changes availability, thus acting as storage with a tank. The air car uses near isothermal. Like an electric car except less expensive, and no need for new batteries. Hope they get it out!!
BTW, look at www.annualizedgeosolar.com. Their technology for a self-heating/cooling house could be added to an existing house if someone was willing to do the work needed. I'm modifying my own - starting in May, 2005.
5.I have been watching the progress, or lack of it, on the air powered car for some time, but when will it be available? As for the arguement that emmissions are just transferred to the power station, that is stupid, at least at the power station there is the possibility of controlling emmission, this is not so with individual fossil burning cars.